المنجزات العمارية و العسكرية لملوك سلالة اور الثالثة (٢١١٢-٢٠٠٦ ق. م)‎ في ضوء الصيغ التاريخية

Abstract EN

The best definition of the "date formula" is the selecting most important historical events and use it to name years.

Such as the year of the inauguration of the king, building a temple, building city wall, digging a channel, destructing a city, etc.

, the "date formula" has been mentioned in many economic texts at the end of the text.

It can be used to study the architectural, military, and other achievements that has been done by the kings.

Also, by date formulas, it was possible to determine the number of years of kings' rule, as well as the duration of the cuneiform texts and the geographical framework from which the texts came from.

As it is known, these historical events are mentioned throughout the year, which includes 12 months.

At the end of the year, the historical events of that year ends, and it can't be used anymore.

Therefore, they have to use another historical event.

If there is not any events in the following year, it can be called by "the year after the year in which the event took place in the previous year".

For example: (the year after the year when city of Zabchali was destroyed), (the year after the year of inauguration the King Shu-Sin), and so on.

The date formula usually begins with the Sumerian singular (MU year) and it ends with the actual formula consisting of the actual sentence tool and the actor's conscience (sometimes).

Toward: (Ba-ḫul destroyed), (ba-ḫun chosen), (mu-na-dù built for him, or mu-dù built).

The number of date formulas studied in the texts of the third dynasty of Ur was approximately 171, which chronicles the rule of 6 kings classified as follows: Ur-dnammu 17 Formulas/ dŠul-gi 83 Formulas/ dAmar-dSuen 22 Formulas/ dŠu-dSuen 17 Formulas/ dibbi-dSuen 30 Formulas.

The research includes the study of the achievements of each king with the classification of his architectural achievements first and military then.

In addition to images and maps of the buildings constructed or restored by the kings of the third Ur Dynasty, and cities that were destroyed by the military campaigns of the Sumerian kings