الحج إلى مكة-الطرق والمناسك : دراسة مقارنة بين رحلتي فارتيما وبتس

Abstract EN

This paper is a comparative study between two travelers' accounts, from which the Europeans obtained new information about the countries of the Hejaz region.

The First is, Varthema's account, which has been written as an espionage report.

Whereas the second is Pitis' account, which has been written as a report by a former captive.

The paper contains two accounts' data about related to Islam pilgrimage place - the cradle of the first Islam- in the countries of Hijaz, such: access roads, political, economic and social conditions.

In addition to what they wrote about Hajj rituals in their imaginations.

Let's look at whether they both sought accuracy in what they presented, or did they seek to satisfy the European mentality? Through telling of myths, occasionally were mentioned in previous writings, they convinced themselves of a way of the truth, not to mention observing the similarities and differences of Varthema and Pitis.