أساليب المواجهة الايجابية و علاقتها باتخاذ القرار لدى حكام الدرجة الاولى بكرة القدم في العراق

Abstract EN

The study aims to: - Building a scale of positive confrontation methods for the referees of the Iraqi Football League.

- Adapting the decision-making scale for the referees of the Iraqi football league.

- Identifying the significant differences between the arithmetic mean of the positive The research sample identified first-degree referees registered with the Iraqi Central Football Association and accredited for the football season (2020-2021) from the research community, which consists of (315) referees.

The research sample is chosen randomly, including (260) referee from the study population, of which (100) referees are used for building and (100) referees used for application, community with (30) referees for the pilot experiment, with(30) referees are used for building statistical means (chi-square equation, arithmetic mean, standard deviation, mode, skew equation, t-test for two independent samples, Pearson correlation coefficient, and Cronbach's alpha coefficient).