الإطار القانوني لتطبيق نظام الخصخصة في إدارة الموانئ العراقية

Abstract EN

The maritime transport sector is considered one of the main pillars in the national economy of countries that have sea coasts.

It has played a leading role in the transfer of civilizations, as ships have developed into giant tankers that are more diversified and advanced, and container ships with large tonnage have appeared, and the need for advanced seaports and high administrative efficiency and internal transport networks has become Reach production and consumption centers to be able to receive and deal with these giant ships, as well as having centers for electronic exchange of information Iraqi ports play a major role in activating and revitalizing the regional and global maritime traffic and have a significant impact on the economic return of Iraq.

The Iraqi port sector suffers from many problems that constitute an obstacle to its various activities, as the capabilities of the current ports do not match the developments that occurred in the maritime transport fleets and their modes of transport represented by ships Containers that require advanced port services such as high efficiency of workers, modern electronic systems, modern and fast-performing specialized cranes and other problems.

When reviewing the reports of the Ministry of Planning and the relevant authorities, it turns out that the Iraqi ports in their current state do not constitute a source of attracting modern ships.

On the basis of that, the study addresses the need to develop and amend Iraqi laws in a manner that encourages the application of the privatization system as well as conducting some development processes for port facilities and manpower.

It has different specializations to meet the requirements of modern ships and the future need, as there are no national restrictions forcing the foreign carrier to deal with Iraqi ports, as the latter is looking for an efficient port that achieves his economic interests.

Raising the efficiency of ports in line with the requirements of modern maritime transport will undoubtedly help to raise the efficiency of the economic activity of the ports by increasing the level of commercial movement in them, as well as increasing their revenues in line with the developments of maritime transport For the purpose of developing the management and operation of ports, we believe that it is important to increase the role of the private sector in the port management process through privatization.

The port development process also requires encouraging private investment by granting encouraging conditions and privileges for port management and operation.

The length of the concessions period and the high share of returns will encourage private companies to allocate greater investments.

It is also important to prepare a master plan for the development of ports and to present development projects to private sector investors, and to attract large international companies specialized in developing ports and the need to speed up the completion of the Faw port project, which constitutes a qualitative leap.

In the port sector in Iraq, in addition to infrastructure Where the human resource development process is one of the important activities that must be worked on during the development process, in particular the development of port management capabilities, and the improvement of training institutes for its employees.

Ports .