الاستدلال على المعنى عند بول غرايس في نظرية المحادثة

Abstract EN

The second half of the twentieth century witnessed a relentless movement in the field of linguistic research, and in this context, various linguistic theories emerged.

The aim of these theories was to study the linguistic phenomenon as a scientific study that could achieve tangible scientific results, as was achieved by experimental sciences.

These theories have achieved good results in this field through different methods of analysis and interpretation.

However, they did not achieve decisive results in their search for meaning and its interpretation and inference.

Some theories have even neglected the meaning aspect of their linguistic studies, claiming that it does not fall within the scope of their research since it has no formal mode that can be subject to observation and experimentation.

This situation, however, did not last long until the emergence of the pragmatic theory that adopted openness to the outside world through various references sustained by cognitive, social, cultural and belief systems.

Hence, the meaning is no longer an abstract idea.

Rather, it retains the features of the circumstances in which it was produced, and reproduced through different mechanisms of interpretation and inference.

Ludwig Wittgenstein’s researches in analytic philosophy had an impact on the emergence of the most pragmatic concepts, as his theory of meaning in use had an impact on consecrating the concept of transformed meaning, which Grice adopted when he found that people mean more than they say, and that they say something and mean something else.

The phenomenon of dialogic necessitation emerged in him due to the violation of one or more principles of cooperation.

Then, the implicit meaning produced by that violation is traced through a series of inferences.

The idea around which this paper revolves is related to the inferences made by Grice in tracing the declared and unstated meaning in his theory of conversation, and the concepts that emerged as a result of research in this theory such as the principle of cooperation, the dialogic necessitation, the implicit meaning, and so on