حواضر قلعية بمنطقة الريف في الفترة القديمة

Abstract EN

The site of Qalai'a, overlooking the western cost of the Mediterranean Sea, played the main role in making the region of Qalai'a as a destination for various civilizations that arose on the coasts of the Mediterranean, such as the Phoenician, Carthaginian, and Roman civilizations.

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That is why we worked in this study to reveal the most prominent cities that arose in the region as a result of this intermingle and friction between the deferent civilisations.

Through this study, we concluded that the area of Qalai'a, located in Rif in the far north-east of Morocco, knew an early settlement of population, which was a nuclues for the establishment of many cities in an early time, as revealed by several archaeological researchs conducted in the region, according to which “Rosadir”, currently called Melilla, is considered as the first city built in the region during the era of the Phoenicians, specifically during the eighth century BC, and it had a major role in making the region of Rif favored at the commercial level.

In view of the strategic location of Qalai'a and its commercial importance, other cities have emerged (such as Tazoda and Ghassassa) in that region, so that some historical research and studies have shown that the establishment of the two sites dates back to the ancient period to be exploited in the military field mainly, especially during the Roman-Carthaginian conflict (Punic wars).