الطبيعة القانونية للنزاعات المدولة ومعايير تكييفها

Abstract EN

The four Geneva Conventions for year 1949 and the attached two protocols with it for year 1977 have organized the disputes and classified it for two types of dispute, the international dispute and un-international dispute besides of the customary rules of international law which consisted some rules and judgments which applicable on mentioned two types of disputes, but because of violations of human rights inside some countries and the advantages and targets of foreign countries and armed groups, the interventions were increased the un-international disputes.

This intervention become directly or un-directly in accordance of intervention status, this made the nature of dispute to be international dispute by intervention of foreign parties whom has advantages and took its actual control or complete on some armed groups for actualizing his targets through those groups.

The intervention could be by official request from government or from armed groups or without permission.

Two international courts (the international court of ex-Yugoslavia and international justice court) have seen in disputes which were classified it is international, e.

g.

Tadic case in Yugoslavia and military and semi-military activities case in Nicaragua.

Naturally the multiplicity of international armed dispute and bedside of multiplicity of their targets and means, which generate violations and victims against un-participated civilians in armed operations and civilian works and governmental establishments at the same time and violations could be arriving into war crimes and crimes against humanity.

These violations arrange international responsibility and individual criminal responsibility on their actors, but proof and arraigning this responsibility is not easily because of missing the international humanitarian law the rules which organize the responsibilities of parties in int