العلاقة بين الخلافة الفاطمية و بلاد النوبة

Abstract EN

The so –called "Pactum Treaty" concluded by the Muslim rulers of Egypt with the kings of Maqra remained valid until the Fatimids came and settled in Egypt.

The Fatimids, on the other hand, continued to maintain good – neighborly and peaceful relations with the kings of this country.

They were keen to secure the southern borders of Egypt and to ensure the flow of commercial goods from south African countries to Egypt.

However, it is necessary to say that the commitment of the kings of the Maqra to the agreement of the poles was related to the internal conditions of both countries.

The kings of Al – Maqra were constantly investigating the situation of Egypt, If they found the conditions in their favor, they broke the covenant and refrained from Paying the Baket and attacked the Upper Egypt taking advantage because the caliphate was busy with its wars with the Crusaders, but that was called for by the Cairo authorities, sending a military Parade to force them to pay.

it is therefore possible to say that the friendly character dominated the relations between the Fatimid Caliphate and the Nubian Kingdom of Maqara, and then turned to evil in the last period of the Fatimid history.

At the level of relationship with the Islamic state of A Kins at the south of Egypt.

Since the days of caliph Al- Hakim in the name of God, good relations had been established between the Fatimid caliphate and BaniRabia.

This state has condemned the existence of this caliph, who gave its princes the title of state treasure in recognition of their efforts in supporting the caliphate against the revolutionary Abu Rakwa.

Since that time, the Caliphate has depended on the loyalty of the treasure builders in establishing their power and imposing their influence on the areas south of Egypt and northern Nuba.

The princes successors estimated the state of BaniKanz and estimated its strength in these area.

However the declaration of independence by the prince kanz in 466 H/ 1073 A.

H, taking advantage of the weakness of the caliphate during the Mastansariyah Period, Caused the deterioration of relations for some three years.

until the revolution was abolished in 469 A.H / 1076 CE, by the minister Bader Al-Jamali.

Then the relationship was strengthened again between the two parties and became more established because Prince Amir Al Qawasi, Prince BaniKanz joined the ranks of the Fatimid army in his wars against the crusaders and the his death in Ashkelon in 494 A.H/ 1101 AD.

Consequently, the relationship between Banikanz and the Fatimid caliphate was generally good and the princes of Banikanz continued to recognize Fatimid sovereignty, despite their tendency to independence.