الخروج على الحاكم والاحتجاج بالطرق السلمية

Abstract EN

The issue of rebellion against the unjust ruler or the infidel is one of the most important issues that occupy Muslims in our modern age, which has taken a large space in the political arena in some of the Arab Islamic countries.

which made it weak and turbulent in which the people of the same country fight among themselves, and external interventions have had a great impact in fueling these conflicts.

the political developments in our contemporary world necessitated the occurrence of major changes in the form and organizational structure of the governments of Islamic countries that made it differ greatly from what it was in the era of the prophet and the rightly guided caliphs, which was one of its most important goals to achieve justice and equality, and to provide sources of a comfortable life that guarantees peoples their dignity, contrary to what we see today, this is reflected negatively on the reality of the peoples and their future, which consequently led to the emergence of these peoples to rise up against their rulers in an attempt to change the status quo.

in this research, I dealt with an explanation of the concept of exodus and its types as it is di divided into four types, then I touched on contemporary images of exodus that are not peaceful (such as the popular revolution, the military coup, and resistance to tyranny), indicating the definition of each type, and mentioning the differences between them, and it was necessary to clarify the opinions of the jurists.

and their sayings on the issue of revolting against the ruler, as they agreed that it is obligatory to revolt against the infidel imam.

as for the immoral imam, the sayings of the scholars varied between a prohibition and a permissible, and each of them had evidence that was inferred, then I touched on the sayings of the jurists in the effects of revolting against the ruler.

finally, after this tour, it was necessary to introduce the means of peaceful protest (such as demonstrations, sit-ins, and strikes), which are the focus of the title of the research, and to clarify the difference between them and their rulings for contemporary scholars and researchers.