الإصلاحات العثمانية وأثرها على ولاية العراق في عهد الولاة داوود باشا ومدحت باشا

Abstract EN

In the middle of the eighteenth century, signs of reform and renewal began to appear in all the joints of the Ottoman State, but they were not overall and clear because they went through a series of obstacles and difficulties that had a great impact on the slowness of the reform process, However the signs of renewal and reform began to appear in their true form in the middle of the nineteenth century, as the Ottoman State witnessed during this period the improvement of its conditions and working towards introducing reforms and regulations in all the organs of the Ottoman State, and in all its administrative, military, economic, social and educational institutions on the foundations and system of the modern Western countries, This step, in the process of renewal and reform, had its clear its clear impact that positively reflected on the Ottoman States, especially the Arab states, Iraq was at the forefront of the Arab countries that witnessed renewal and reform movements on a large scale, and in all its parts and administrative, military, economic, educational and cultural aspects, We will notice how the Ottoman reforms in Iraq, in the reign of the Mamluk governor Daoud pasha, and the governor Medhat pasha, had a great role in the process of renewal and the modern renaissance in all its institutions and organs.