نظرية القاضي عبد الجبار المعتزلي في دلالات الصفات الإلهية

Abstract EN

The semantics of divine attributes is one of the most important topics in the field of divine attributes in which divine attributes are examined in terms of semantic similarity or inequality with human attributes.

in the present study, the view of Qāḍī ʿAbd al-Jabbār Muʿtazilī on the semantics of divine attributes has been studied with the descriptive-analytical method.

before dealing with the concept of divine attributes, he tries to determine the semantic ways (sources) of divine attributes by relying on the criteria of valid knowledge and regulate their influence and involvement in this field, to prevent the involvement of improper factors in determining the concept of divine attributes in this way.

he considers the only path to the description of divine attributes such as omnipotent, wisdom and other attributes, which are intermediaries in proving the description of divine wisdom, is through reason and by using the analogy of absent to present (Qiyāsi Ghā’ib Bi Shāhid).in order to determine a specific concept for each of the attributes, Qāḍī ʿAbd al-Jabbār first proved the different human attributes (shāhid) and determined the meaning of each by means of the meanings related to the actions.

then, due to the same meaning of the verbs in absent and present, (Qiyāsi ghā’ib bi Shāhid) in the absence of an obstacle, he transmits human attributes and their meanings to god (Ghā’ib).thus, in the case of each of the attributes, a common extent of the concepts between man and god is obtained, which Qāḍī interprets it as the “truth of attributes”.

in this way, the semantic limitations of human attributes do not prevent the true application of these attributes to god.