التنظيم التشريعي لتمويل الحملات الانتخابية : دراسة مقارنة

Abstract EN

Legislative organization for financing electoral campaigns is considered an urgent necessity in the modern era due to the tremendous increase in electoral campaign expenditures, and the huge sums of money required to collect, most of which are shared by a few wealthy people who want to extend their influence over the government, or obtain a status that surpasses ordinary citizens who are unable to On such a contribution, which led to the creation of a reality that is inconsistent with the first rules of democracy, which is the achievement of equality between citizens.

This also led to many forms of corruption that were involved in the process of financing electoral campaigns.

To regulate the process of financing electoral campaigns, and these laws have focused on two basic matters, namely, placing restrictions on campaign financing and placing restrictions on spending on it.

Where the US legislator has set a ceiling for electoral expenditures in the amount of twenty million dollars as a maximum to spend on the presidential election campaign, and ten million to spend on the presidential campaign, and has set the maximum donation from the candidate’s family in an amount not exceeding fifty thousand dollars and the maximum donation to any citizen of one thousand dollars Detailed reports are submitted to the Federal Election Commission by the candidate on all the sums funded and spent on the campaign.

In the event of violating these rules, he shall be punished with imprisonment and a fine depending on the violation and deprivation of nomination, but the spending restrictions were appealed to the US Supreme Court, which in turn canceled the maximum electoral expenditures in implementation.

The principle of freedom of opinion and expression.

With regard to the Egyptian legislator, the legislator has determined the funding of the election campaign for the candidate from his own money and what the party that nominated him gives to him, and from the cash and in-kind donations that he receives.

The candidate is not allowed to receive any donations except from natural Egyptian persons, and it is absolutely prohibited to receive any donations or contributions.

Directly or indirectly from any legal person, Egyptian or foreign, and from any country, foreign entity, or international organization, or from a party whose capital is contributed by a foreign person, and the prohibition applies to any foreign natural person.

The legislator organized the issue of receiving donations, as it set a rate of 2% for the presidential elections and 5% for the House of Representatives or Senate elections, and set a maximum limit for electoral expenditures for the presidential elections.

The maximum for a single explainer is five hundred thousand pounds, and in the case of return two hundred thousand pounds.

The researcher believes that these legislations are insufficient to control the issue of election campaign financing because it can be circumvented for not imposing serious oversight on sources of funding and expenditures.

We call on the legislator to establish a competent body to monitor funding and expenditures and to tighten penalties for violators of election campaign financing controls by imposing prison sentences and cancellation, as the US legislator did.