جدة النشأة و التطور التاريخي

Abstract EN

In the name of of Allah the Merciful Study summary: Jeddah is one of the oldest cities in the Arabian Peninsula, but its history - like other cities in the peninsula - before the advent of Islam is still unknown, and in the Islamic era its history was more clear and clear, as it was attended by some historians and travelers, who recorded its news and described its most prominent features.

Jeddah has been inhabited since ancient times, just like every habitat is characterized by what attracts residents, and their desire to settle because there are reasons for life in it, and in this it has been subject to many influences and factors oscillating between prosperity and extinction, fame and isolation, importance and lack of celebration.

Also, the natural characteristics that uniqueness of the location of Jeddah and its geographical location on the coast of the Red Sea related to the various factors of human settlement are in origin the basis for the historical emergence of this population before the emergence of the marine term and its connection with other parts of the coast.

Jeddah was known as the port of Mecca before Islam, and it continued as a port of assistance to the Shuaiba in the era of early Islam, but it was singled out with that importance as the main port of Mecca during the reign of Caliph Othman bin Affan - may God be pleased with him - when he ordered that it be made the main port of Mecca on the coast of the Red Sea in the year Hegira 26 / AD 646, as this date was the beginning of the true rebirth of its history, prosperity, development, and urban and civilizational growth.