المخططات الصليبية للسيطرة على البحر الأحمر في أواخر العصور الوسطى

Abstract EN

As a result of the change that took place in Europe in the late Middle Ages, we did not see the Europeans have new energies that they would direct to serve the Crusader movement, especially after the Muslims retook the city of Acre in 690 AH / 1291 CE, and expelled the Crusaders from the Levant permanently.

Therefore, the cries of anti- Islamists among the hard- line Christians began to rise.

To face this apparent failure and retreat from the idea of holy war, and to achieve this they resorted to issuing books and letters that they addressed to the popes explaining their plans, and their projects to confront Muslims, and the planners realized that what helped the Muslims› power was the distinctive and unique position of their country as a medium of trade between the East and the West, so their most important plans were to either change the trade route and divert it from the Red Sea or close the Red Sea by placing Crusader ships on the Strait of Aden, the main gate to the Red Sea.