أثر الوسائل الدفاعية الشعبية في الدفاع عن المدن الأندلسية من القرن الرابع الهجري إلى القرن التاسع الهجري

Abstract EN

In the light of the foregoing, I found it necessary to have a study of this effort that the Muslims made in preserving their Andalusian entity and a scientific classification based on analysis and conclusion in light of the information and news reported by historical sources that indicated what we referred to, and thus the title of this research became (The impact of popular defense methods in The defense of Andalusian cities from the fourth century AH to the ninth century AH).The reason that prompted me to confine this study between the fourth and ninth centuries AH, is that the fourth century witnessed the first steps and real serious ambitions of the Spanish Christian kingdoms in controlling the Andalusian Islamic cities and establishing their expansion project at the expense of the Muslims.In this research, I will talk about two topics, the first topic: Positive popular means The second topic is the negative popular means.