أفاق التوسع في الصادرات المصرية من السلع الغذائية المصنعة من الخضر و الفاكهة

Abstract EN

The country adopts many of the national agricultural projects that seek to increase the Egyptian agricultural area and increase domestic production of strategic agricultural commodities and increase the proportion of self-sufficiency and reduce the value of import, due to the sensitivity of agricultural crops to spoilage and the difficulty of storing them fresh, the endeavor to develop the food industries sector and increase production from food industries is the only way to preserve the revenues of these major national projects.

On the other hand, increasing exports from the food industry will contribute to increasing the state's foreign exchange earnings, reducing the trade balance deficit, and increasing national income.

The research problem is the decrease in the value of Egyptian exports of food industries from vegetables and fruits compared to the available potentials especially with the availability of fresh production of vegetables and fruits, and it is expected to increase in the future after the entry of national projects into production.

The research aims to identify the current situation of Egyptian foreign trade from some agricultural food industries of vegetables and fruits in light of the state’s efforts to achieve a growth in exports of this important sector of about 20% in 2025, in addition to studying the competitive situation of some Egyptian food industrial products from vegetables and fruits in Its most important foreign market.

The results show that the food industries in Egypt contribute about 24.5% to the gross domestic product, with the volume of investments reaching about 500 billion pounds, and it is ranked third among the most exported sectors, with the volume of its exports reaching $ 3.4 billion in 2019, achieving a growth rate of 17% compared to the year 2019.

2015.

And that there is a clear increase in the quantity and value of Egyptian exports of manufactured goods of vegetables and fruits during the second study period than during the first study period, with a total change rate of about 176.1% and 85%, respectively.

The results indicated that the quantity of exports of juices and syrups, jam, preserved fruits, preserved vegetables, frozen vegetables, tomato puree and sauce, dried onions, dried garlic represented about 35.4%, 40.9%, 99.4%, 43.8%, 23.5%, 29.4%.

61.1% and 25.6% of the actual production during the study period.

The results also indicated that the total export volume of both frozen strawberries and tomato paste took a general increasing trend of about 3534 and 928.6 thousand tons annually, respectively, during the period (2005-2018).

And that the total quantity of exports of mixed vegetables, frozen beans, frozen potatoes, and fruit jam is almost constant due to the lack of statistical evidence during the period under study.

The expected export quantities in 2025 of mixed vegetables, frozen strawberries, frozen beans, tomato paste and fruit jam were estimated at 114984, 70150, 22036, 1047, 21438 and 273.5 tons, respectively.

The results indicate that Saudi Arabia ranked first in the total exports of frozen mixed vegetables with a relative importance of about 22.4% as an average for the period from (2014-2018), and that Germany ranked first in the amount of frozen strawberry exports with a relative importance of about 28.6%, and that the states The United States of America ranked first in terms of the quantity of frozen beans exports, with a relative importance of about 58.6%, and Jordan ranked first in terms of the quantity of frozen potato exports with a relative importance of about 24.5%, and it was found that Morocco ranked first in terms of quantity Exports of tomato paste are of relative importance amounting to about 23.7%, and that Libya ranked first in terms of the quantity of exports of fruit jam, with a relative importance of about 18.5%.The results also show that the market share of Egyptian exports of mixed vegetables is about 79.2% of the imports of the Saudi market, Although it does not have a competitive price advantage in the Saudi market, as it is evident that the growth rate of imports of mixed vegetables in the Saudi market was about 10.6% during the study period.

It was also found that the Egyptian market share of frozen strawberries in the German market amounted to about 15.6%, and that the price percentage for it amounted to about 0.77 of the average import price in the German market, and the growth rate of frozen strawberries in the German market increased by 39.27% during the study period.

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The results also indicated that America's imports of frozen beans amounted to about 52 thousand tons as an average for the period of the study, and the market share of Egyptian exports of them amounted to only about 5.7%, although it has a comparative advantage in the price within the American market, where the price of exports is less than the average price of market imports by about 26% Also, it was found that there was a decline in the growth rate of frozen beans exports to the US market by about 7.96% during the study period.

The results also indicated that the growth rate of imports of frozen potatoes into the Jordanian market amounted to about 110%, and the market share of Egyptian exports of frozen potatoes reached about 15.4%, without any price advantage in the market.

The results also indicated that the average amount of imports from the Italian market of tomato paste amounted to about 187 thousand tons, as an average for the period of the study, and that Egyptian exports have a market share of about 1.44%, and that the Egyptian export price does not enjoy any price competitiveness within the Italian market, where the price ratio is about 1.01%.

The average import price within the market, as it turned out that the most important competing market is the American market, with a price ratio of about 0.95, and it acquires about 32.72% of the market share of Italian imports of tomato paste.

The results also indicate that the market share of Egyptian exports of fruit jam in the Saudi market is 22.25%, and that the price ratio of Egyptian jam exports is about 0.54 of the average import price in the Saudi market, and that the most important competing countries in the market are Syria and Greece, as the results show.

There is an increase in the growth rate of imports of fruit jam into the Saudi market, amounting to about 34.14% during the study period.

Recommendations: 1- Attention to making good market studies about foreign market requirements of manufactured goods in terms of quality specifications.

2- Study the reasons for the increase in the Egyptian export price in some Arab markets, despite the short distance.

3- Interest to the markets with high growth rate and studied in detail and determine how to increase exports to this markets