الكفاءة الإنتاجية و الاقتصادية لمحصول الذرة الشامية بمحافظة الشرقية

Abstract EN

Anchored development has become one of the most important factors through which the return from the land unit can be increased, which varies according to the nature and size of the investments used in the production process, which is due to the level of awareness of the agricultural producers.

The extent of the ability of producers to adopt a culture of development for agricultural operations in increasing production or relying on traditional and primitive methods in the production process.

The research problem indicates that despite the apparent development in the recent period of the different technology used in agricultural operations, whether in the field of agricultural machinery or organic fertilizers or improving seeds and developing new hybrids for agricultural crops, it was noticed that there is a decrease in the growth rates of maize area in the old lands.

3% and about 2% in the new lands during 2004 - 2019 .

The research aims to measure the efficiency of using the land resource in maximizing the yield from the cultivated area and comparing the size of the yield obtained from the crop with two types of lands, namely new lands and old lands, through the following sub-goals: 1- Estimating the indicators of productive and economic efficiency of the maize crop in the old lands.

2- Estimating the indicators of productive and economic efficiency of the maize crop in the new lands.

3- Measuring the productivity of some elements of agricultural production and assessing efficiency indicators for them.

4- To suggest means to increase the efficiency of the land resource.

The importance of the study refers to knowing the means and variables that affect the increase in the yield of the land unit and thus increase the net profit of maize farmers.

It is also possible to present some recommendations that lead to increasing the role of modern methods of cultivating the maize crop, which leads to an increase in the quantity of production, which will result in achieving the maximum return for farmers, and thus contribute to providing decision-makers with the necessary information to formulate the agricultural policy.

The study relied on the descriptive and quantitative methods - in analyzing the data and presenting its findings - represented in the growth rate and the coefficient of variation for the studied variables, in addition to some indicators of productive and economic efficiency of the study yield, shapes and graphs, as well as Cobb - Douglas double logarithmic equations and production elasticities for some variables And marginal product and production efficiency.

The study also relied on two main data sources: (1) Published and unpublished secondary data from the Ministry of Agriculture and Land Reclamation, the Economic Affairs Sector, the Central Administration for Agricultural Economy, the Central Agency for Public Mobilization and Statistics, as well as the Agriculture Directorate in Sharkia Governorate.

(2) A specially designed questionnaire form for the farmers' personal interview during 2019.

The study reached several results, including: 1- The increase in the feddan productivity of the average of the two productive periods in the old lands, reaching about 23.847 (ardeb / feddan), compared to the new lands, reaching about 22.32 (ardeb / feddan).

2- The reluctance of those with university qualifications to work in agriculture who have the ability to develop this sector.

3- It is evident from the indicators of the return that the net return is higher in the old lands than the new lands by about 529.83 pounds / acre, and that the pound spent on the productive process in the old lands achieves an increase of about 0.129 pounds over what the new lands achieve, and thus the total margin increases in the old lands On the new lands, it is about 616.14 pounds per acre, and the net return of ardeb is more in the old lands than in the new lands by about 17.53 pounds / ardab.

Based on the above, the study recommends the following: 1- Taking care of the new lands and studying the properties of their soils in order to improve the feddan productivity in them.

2- Encouraging higher qualifications, especially agricultural ones, to work in land reclamation and settling there.

3- Increasing the role of agricultural extension in the new lands in order to improve the net return of farmers and to clarify the damages of excessive use of seeds beyond the required limit.