دراسة اقتصادية لإنتاج محصول القمح بمحافظة الشرقية

Abstract EN

The agricultural sector is considered as a backbone of the national economy.

The efficiency and activity of the national economy are depended on the agricultural sector, which provides food and employment opportunities to more than half of the workers in Egypt.

Wheat is the first food crop in Egypt where bread is made and it enters in many industries such as pasta and bakery.

Most important agricultural transformational food industry in Egypt is based on wheat like grain milling industry and the bread loaf industry.

The cultivated area of the wheat crop during the average period (2015-2017) is estimated at about 3.30 million feddans and its productivity per feddan is 2.81 tons, which means that the total wheat production in Egypt reached about 9.26 million tons, also the average of total consumption of wheat in Egypt is 18.22 million tons, so that there is a wheat gap estimated at 10.49 million tons.

The problem of the study is represented in local production is unabled to meet consumer needs, which means that there is a wheat food gap that is managed through import from abroad, which carries the state's public treasury more burdens.

In addition to the existence of several problems and determinants that discourage the increase in wheat crop production.

The study aims to raise the level of economic efficiency and productive performance of the wheat crop, by analyzing, studying and highlighting the current state of cultivated area, productivity and the total production of the study crop, also estimate the structure of costs, revenues and indicators of economic production efficiency of wheat.

In addition estimate of the cost and production functions, the optimum and most profitable production per feddan.

The study relied on two main data sources: Secondary data (published and unpublished) and Primary data through a questionnaire form of 60 views randomly pulled from the study areas in 2019.

The study is recommended the importance of taking the farmers proposals seriously in order to raise the level of competency to produce the crop.

In addition to avoiding the aforementioned problems and continuing the policy of encouraging farmers to grow larger areas of wheat through the price policy guarantee, as well as devising good varieties and supplying farmers with them at the appropriate time, thereby increasing production, reducing the wheat-food gap, and less dependence on import from the outside.