تقدير دوال الإنتاج و التكاليف لمحصول القمح في مصر

Abstract EN

The food issue is considered one of the most important strategic issues of concern to the Egyptian economy.

The wheat crop is considered a strategic crop that the producing countries use as means of political and economic pressure on developing countries that import wheat.

The research problem is in the continuous increase of the producing costs of the wheat crop as a result of the high prices of production inputs; While the final price of selling the crop has not increased at the same rare.

The research aims at identifying some of the mechanisms through which the volume of production can be increased in the Arab Republic of Egypt and reduce the size of the food gap for this crop, through studying the production functions and cost functions to identify the reasons for high production costs.

The first part presents the production indicators of wheat crop, as it turned out that they all took a general upward and significant trend during the period 1990-2016.

The second part deals with the economic indicators of the crop, which are variable costs, total costs, feddan revenue and net return; it has been shown that they all took an upward trend as well.

This study concludes that the production functions of wheat crop in the sample of the study, where the results showed that farmers are producing in the non-economic stage, as production elasticity was 1.43 .which is the first stage of the law of diminishing returns, where the elasticity of production showed that there is excessive use of the elements of production and therefore there must be ongoing work on finding optimum combination of production elements in order to obtain the highest production and the largest net profit.In light of this, the research has come to: 1- The necessity of working to reduce the prices of production inputs, especially for wheat, as it is an important strategic crop, by encouraging farmers to collective cultivation.

2- Activating the role of the agricultural extension with the aim of providing agricultural guidance to farmers, which in turn leads to the optimal use of agricultural resources and thus reducing production costs.

3- Increasing the price of wheat (Ardab) at the same rate of what the farmer obtains from using the wheat in hay production to feet the animals.