دراسة حالة تدهور نبات الزعتر Thymus vulgaris في منطقة الدبة (غيليزان)‎ بالجزائر وفصل بعض المركبات الحيوية منه

Abstract EN

The Deba region (Relizane)is located N 35 ° 34'50 "(42'19 ° 0" E), a mountainous area 420 m, rich in medicinal plants, known as phytothérapie.

Effect of rain has a direct impact on the density of these plants.

During the period (2003-2013), the area recorded the rate of rainfall 332 mm/year, compared to 267 mm/year (71-2002)).

According to farmers, agriculture needs 500-600 mm/year.The TMx 39 ° C and TMn 4 ° C (Tmn).This difference (10-17 ° C).

It is great for the physiological activity that needs (22-23 ° C).Water is the basic chemical element in the growth of plant, According Emberger indic Q = 37.5 ,and Lang indic F = 12.47, the area is very dry, These results illustrate the low density of medical plants, with stress hydrique and stress thermique.

This was a direct effect on the density of medicinal plants.

The results were (-5) –(- 9)plants/m2, Climate factors had a negative impact on plant density in the region ,the analysis of the chromatographic behavior of the EA and MEC phase of thymus vulgaris on the plate of polyamide (DC6) was detected in the solvent (toluene / methanol / ethanol) (3/4/3) acetic / methanol / acid / water ), (95/5/5) In accordance with all the previous criteria, the active ingredients have been identified as "Kampférol 3OR ',' Lutéoline 7OR ',' Quercetin 3OR ',' Chrysine 7OR ',' Apigénine 5OR ', and these active substances have significant medical effect in many diseases.

This plant is an example of medicinal plants of medical, pharmaceutical and economic interest and should be retained because it is an important link in the ecosystem, economic and health in the Mediterranean basin rich in this type of plant.