تجربة الاتحاد الأوروبي والولايات المتحدة الأمريكية في تطبيق الضرائب والرسوم البيئية

Abstract EN

This research aims to identify international practices related to environmental Taxes and fees, especially for leading and successful countries, namely the European Union, and The USA, The study found many results, most notably that these economic instruments have environmental and financial benefits, and that all European countries are leading in enshrining the idea of tax policy for environmental purposes.

Germany is also a leading waste recycling country using the dual system adopted by neighboring countries.

France has achieved financial purposes and relied on Bonus-Malus to reduce GHG.