دسترة حرية الضمير

Abstract EN

The importance of the research is based on the fact that freedom of conscience is related to the freedoms of thought, opinion, belief, and religion.

From a practical point of view, freedom of conscience is related to the inner life of the individual.

The importance of the research is also based on the fact that freedom of conscience is not considered a private interest for the individual social Many questions are raised in the research, but the most important question is whether freedom of conscience is part of Freedom of belief, or is freedom of conscience the most general and broad umbrella? In the first chapter of the research, we dealt with what freedom of conscience is linguistically and idiomatically, clarifying its concept, then explaining its rooting in terms of religious freedoms, distinguishing it from these freedoms, and the extent of its presence in the Egyptian constitutional system or not, then the objective constitutional consecration of it in the comparative constitutional systems, and the fact that the Tunisian constitutional experience is unique regarding this freedom we discussed Constitutional consecration of freedom of conscience in the Tunisian constitutional system In the second chapter of the research, we dealt with the procedural dedication to freedom of conscience in the light of conscientious objection, where we dealt in the first topic with the nature and characteristics of conscientious objection, then in a second topic with conscientious objection in the light of judicial rulings through several judicial applications of conscientious objection, and we focused on the performance of military service as an example, and then we presented in the section The latter, from the research to the application of one of the most important qualitative applications, which is conscientious objection in the medical field, and its importance is represented in its conflict with the right of others to receive treatment on the one hand, and the right of the state to manage the health facility as one of the most important public facilities.

At the end of the research, many results were reached, the most important of which is that there is a need more than ever to accommodate freedom of conscience in contemporary constitutional systems, but it is relative freedom in terms of its importance and necessity, and that this freedom is a broader field than freedom of religion, since freedom of conscience means the absolute freedom of the individual in the realization of reason And that this freedom is manifested in acceptance and rejection in all fields (religious and others, or embracing opinions and beliefs that one deems correct), and freedom of conscience must be based on something other than our opinion or judgment on moral integrity or the sincerity of our actions.

At the end of the research, several recommendations were also reached, the most important of which is that we call on the jurisprudence and the Egyptian constitutional legislator to consider the constitutionalization of freedom of conscience, as the contemporary constitutional and legal reality at the international level resulted in many developments, the most important of which is the branching of many freedoms into subsidiary freedoms at one time and independent freedoms at other times.