توظيف نظم المعلومات الجغرافية التاريخية في توثيق و عرض السيرة النبوية

Abstract EN

The documentation and display of historical events by (GIS) is a relatively new trend.

Prophet Muhammad's biography is among the most important historical events.

For this reason, the paper presents a proposal to construct Prophet Muhammad's a digital historical geodatabase, where the events are displayed digitally.

In doing so, we take advantage of the capabilities offered by GIS programs, which are not found in traditional methods.

Such as, the correlation between event and the location where it occurred.

It was revealed in this study that the events of Prophet Muhammad's biography are compound in nature containing a main event, subordinate event and detailed event.

All of which need to be taken into consideration when developing the database.

In addition, many locations are linked to Islamic rituals; requiring accuracy.

The research also presented data characteristics in a GIS environment.

Along with the methods for converting historical information into layers and digital data.

The paper presented a design of a digital historical geodatabase in seven stages and called "PHGIS".

The research concluded that building a historical geodatabase using GIS is the ideal practice.

Due to (GIS) capabilities of display, analysis, query (SQL) spatially and for attribute data allowing a deeper understanding of the Prophet's biography.

Combined with distance and time measurement tools, view angles, and digital elevation models all of which enable simulations of historical events such as the Battle of Uhud.

Through the database, all historical events are linked to their coordinate, and their old names with the current ones, which keeps correct identification of all locations for researchers in the present and future time.

The study recommended adopting the proposed PHGIS in documenting and displaying the Prophet's biography.

The PHGIS should be inclusive of all spatial aspects of the biography (religious, social, military, and civilizational...); which were overlooked in traditional historical atlases.

The proposed PHGIS could form a basis for researchers and people of interest in the Prophet's biography to get a deeper level of analysis for some events that caused disagreement among historians.

In addition, said geodatabase can be developed into an interactive multilingual online map to introduce the Prophet's biography to the world.