L'Islamisme caché de Victor Hugo

Abstract EN

The image of Islam at that time was distorted by the legacy of the Crusade sand the expansionistic wars of the Ottoman Empire.

Hugo, in his youth, had respect for the Catholic Church, but he quickly changed his mind and began criticizing the Pope and the clergy because the Church, as a religious institution, did not blame during his twenty-year exile for the repressive practices of the Second Empire during the rule of Napoleon III, which wrote his book "Les Miserables." on the banned book list.

the positive development that occurred in his vision of Islam coincided with the emergence of his poetry book "The Legend of the Ages", whose idea is based on man's transition from darkness to light and progress.

In this Diwan, three important poems appeared that remained unknown to most readers and were prevented from being taught in France for more than a century, and they are as follows : 1 The ninth year of migration, which talks about the praise and death of the Prophet Muhammad (peace be upon him).

2- The Cedar Tree, which represents a Sufi dialogue between the second Caliph Omar Ibn Al-Khattab may God be pleased with him and Saint John the Evangelist.

3- The poem "A Verse from the Noble Qur'an", inspired by Surat "Al-Zalzalah".

And what is surprising is the ignorance of the readers of these poems, which he sealed with his pseudonym Abu Bakr Hugo (after the name of the first Caliph Abu Bakr al Siddiq) may God be pleased with him.

In addition, university professor Henry Gellman issued a book entitled "Hugo", in which he discussed Hugo's conversion to Islam and his pronouncement of the two testimonies in his apartment in Paris, in the presence of Sheikh Ibrahim al-Telmisani al-Jaza'iri.

Thus, Hugo's afore mentioned poems represent an explicit stance aimed at confronting the Islamophobia that was eating away at the body of French society.

Abstract FRE

L'image de l'Islam s'est déformée en raison des croisades et des guerres expansionnistes de l'empire ottoman.

Etant jeune, Victor Hugo respectait l'église catholique mais il ne tarde pas à renoncer à cette position en critiquant le Pape et les Cléricaux puisque cette institution religieuse n'adressa aucun reproche, lors de son exile ayant duré 20 ans, aux pratiques répressives du Second empire, sous le commandement de Napoléon III.

De plus, son livre Les Misérables a été censuré interdit pour les lecteurs de l'époque.

Ce changement positif pousse Hugo à chercher une autre alternative en ce qui concerne le choix de la religion.

Cela coïncide avec la parution de son nouvel recueil La Légende des siècles dont l'idée consiste à transmettre l'homme des ténèbres vers la lumière et le progrès.

Dans ce recueil, trois poèmes surprennent les lecteurs lors de leur parution parce qu'ils restent inconnus pour eux et que leur enseignement en France était interdit durant plus d'un siècle.

Ces poèmes sont : (1) L'an neuf de l'hégire qui relate la mort du Prophète Mohamed.

(2) Le Cèdre qui passe pour un dialogue soufiste entre Le Calife Omer et Saint Jean l'Evangéliste, (3) un poème sourate du Coran, inspiré de la sourate, appelée Secousse.

Ce poème, en l'honneur du premier calife est signé de son pseudonyme Abou Bakr Hugo.

Ce qui signifie la connaissance de Hugo de l'Islam et du Coran.

A ce propos, un livre a été publié : celui de Henri Guillemain, ayant pour titre «< Hugo »>.

Guillemain atteste que Hugo se convertit à l'Islam et prononça les deux Schéhadé en la présence du Scheik l'Islam algérien El-Telmaçani.