فاعلية برنامج تعليمي لإدراك الشكل واللون لدى الأطفال ذوي الاحتياجات الخاصة

Abstract EN

The current research aims to identify the effectiveness of an educational program to perceive color and shape for children with special needs, and the researcher adopted the experimental design of the two groups with the pre and post test.

Children, in cluding (11) males and (11) females, were made equivalence between the two groups (experimental and control) in the variables (chronological age in months, pre-test) using the (Mann-Whitney) test for independent medium-sized samples, and parity was conducted between the two groups (experimental and the control group) in the variables (birth order, parents' educational attainment, family income in thousands of dinars monthly) by using the Kolmogorov-Smirnov test.

The research tools con sisted of the formal and color perception test, as (13) paragraphs were formulated dealing with the concept of color and shape perception, and each paragraph includes (3) alternatives, one of which represents the correct answer.

The researcher also prepared an educational program to increase the awareness of shape and color in children with simple mental retardation.

The researcher reached the following results: 1- There are no statistically significant differences between the experimental and control groups in the pre-test of the formal and color perception test, as the re searcher used the Mann and Tenney test for two independent samples of medium size to find out the significance of the difference between the two independent samples.

Where the calculated Mann Whitney value was (43) which is greater than the tabular value, which is (30).

2- There are statistically significant differences between the experimental and control groups in the post application of the formal and color perception test, mean ing that the null hypothesis can be rejected.

The experimental and control groups in the formal and color perception test after applying the educational program at the level of significance (0.05) 3-As the calculated Mann Whitney value was (26), which is less than the tabular value of (30), meaning that there are statistically significant differences between the experimental and control groups in the formal and color perception test after apply ing the educational program at the level of significance (0.05).

The researcher made a number of recommendations, including: 1- Preparing a booklet or manual that includes a set of educational programs and dis tributing them to teachers in private institutes for children with special needs under the supervision of the Baghdad Governorate/ Ministry of Labor and Social Affairs, to be used or benefited from in solving the problems faced by students in the said institute.

2- Involving the Ministry of Human Rights with the Ministry of Labor and Social Affairs for joint work in this field (field studies, exploratory visits, training courses, panel discussions) for the concept of the human right to live in dignity.