الواقع السياسي لشعوب البحر في الشرق الأدنى القديم (٢٠٠-٠٨٥اق.م)‎

Abstract EN

Itseems that the Sea Peoples, their different tribes and the peo-ples allied with them are large human waves that used the sea and land and their goal is to search for new places of settlement for them by obtaining lands instead of their expelled countries due to the political, economic and social conditions, and from these people are the (Balest and Tikkar) who fought On the battlefield, their women and children accompanied them on carriages drawn by oxen, as shown in the inscriptions of Ramses III on the walls of the temple of Medinet Habu, and it seems that their original home forced them to move south along the eastern coast of the Mediter- ranean to the land of Canaan and they stopped rushing at the Egyp- tian coasts due to the military operations of the Pharaoh Rameses III.

The invasions of the Sea Peoples from the side of the sea were inscribed in the Zahi Sea Battle on the walls of the Temple of Me- dinet Habu, where we see the Sea Peoples composed of five Ships chased by four ships from the Egyptian fleet with all force and vio-lence until the fleet of the Sea Peoples was completely submerged, and Pharaoh Rameses III, while the naval battle was taking place, was standing on the shore with his archers sending a barrage of ar-rows on the defeated enemy.

They were led before the Pharaoh.

The great migration of the Sea Peoples led to the fall of important kingdoms and states along the Syrian coast, in addition to the fall of the Hittite Empire in (1207) AD) BC, and the chaos in the disintegration of kingdoms in western Anatolia, which were subordinate to the Hittite Empire, through raiding and conquest upon Their search for new lands for settle- ment, and perhaps they had a role in the downfall of other kingdoms and powers in the ancient world of the Near East, as they were part- ners in a clearly planned military operation.

At the beginning, their emigration was not organized, but with the passage of time this hu- man force united with each other and was accompanied by forces to invade and manage military operations.

Therefore, we cannot call them wandering peoples and invading gangs.

On this basis, the Pharaohs of Egypt realized that they are facing an experienced and organized enemy who leads war operations un- der an elected command from among the fighters of the Sea Peoples, and there may be an exaggeration in portraying events in Egyptian documents about the great battles and in the spoils and prisoners and the purpose of them for the purpose of propaganda.

The dangers that Egypt experienced from the side of the Libyan tribes coming from the west with the Sea Peoples and the Sea Peo- ples coming from the north lead us to believe that the pharaohs of the nineteenth and twentieth fam.