التقيم الريفي التشاركي في تطبيق استراتيجية الإدارة المتكاملة لآفات العنب بحوض صنعاء، بالجمهورية اليمنية

Abstract EN

Integrated management strategy by using participatory rural appraisal (PRA) method against four major pests on grape was carried out in the region of Bani Hashish, Sana'a basin during season 2005- 2006.

The results of PRA showed that the grapevines of 91.66%, 84.75%, 35.07% and 26.47% of the farmers suffered from powdery mildew disease (Uncinula necator), mealy bug (Phenacoccus madeirensis), tomato white fly (Bemisia tabaci) and downy mildew disease (Plasmopara viticola) respectively.

In addition, other pests, with varying degrees, were found in their vineyards.

The proportion of farmers who used two or three pesticides and dusting with soil dust to control powdery mildew disease was about three times those who controlled the same disease with dusting only.

The proportion of farmers who removed the grapevines stem bark to reduce the population density of mealy bug on grapes reached 44.59%.

The results showed that there were some incorrect agricultural practices.

They also showed that the population density of the mealy bug on grapevines in the demonstration fields remained low until the end of the season compared to that found in the control fields, due to the periodically mass-release of two predators: Cryptolaemus montrouzieri and Nephus crucifer and the parasitoid, Anagyrus sp.

Removing bark of stems and branches grapevines, continued disposal of weeds specially Reichardia tingitana (L.) and disposal of the remnants of pruning, removed bark and infected fruits.

The results also showed that continued thinning and disposal of leaves reduced the population density of tomato white fly.

The intensity of powdery mildew disease was low because of the integrated practices, as well as dusting grapevines with soil dust periodically and regularly.

Raising or cutting the hanged branches to the soil, removing suckers and cleaning leaves and pruned branches reduced the intensity of downy mildew disease to low levels.

After 7 months of training, there were noticed positive changes related to the implementation of IPM strategy by participants of PRA.

The percentage of farmers who could identify grape pests, natural enemies and using proper agricultural practices has risen from 50.56% in Wadi Al-Furs and Al-Rijam, 56.18% in Wadi Qaratha and 46.07% in Wadi Al-Ser to 73.03%, 77.53% and 70.77% after training respectively.

The PRA farmers succeeded in reducing pesticide applications on grapes.