الظروف التاريخية و الأدلة الأثرية لفترة دخول الأنباط إلى جنوبي الأردن ٥٣٩ ق.م – ١٠٦ م

Abstract EN

This paper seeks to demonstrate the historical circumstances of the Nabataean migration into southern Jordan and the political and demographic changes during the Iron Age III (539-332 B.C.).

The political circumstances that prevailed in the region during the sixth century B.C.

had encouraged the Nabataeans to enter the region during the second half of the sixth century and the beginning of the fifth century B.C.

That conclusion is based on a study of the historical circumstances of the sixth century B.C.

and the limited archaeological and historical evidence available that points to trade activity in the region during the fifth and fourth centuries B.C.

This activity was conducted by Arabian groups, and the only Arabian groups that historical sources mention at the end of the fourth century B.C.

and associate with trade are the Nabataeans.

It is reasonable to conclude that the Arabian traders who were known in the region during the fifth and fourth centuries B.C.

were the Nabataeans themselves.

That suggests dating the entrance of the Nabataeans into the region during the second half of the sixth century / the beginning of the fifth century B.C.

The entrance of the Nabataeans into southern Jordan was contemporary with the migration of the Edomites to the region of the Negev in southern Palestine, as the archaeological evidence connected with the Edomites in the Negev sites shows.