Exploring periodnotitis among pediatric dental patients in Minia, Egypt

Abstract EN

Periodontitis in children encompass four groups of diseases which are clinically distinguishable: chronic periodontitis, periodontitis as manifestation of systemic diseases, necrotizing periodontal diseases and aggressive periodontitis.

The aim of the current study was to explore periodontitis among a group of children in Minia governorate and investigate the possible risk factors.

Subjects and methods: A total of 2581 new patients (3-13 years old) attending the outpatient clinic of Pediatric and Community Dentistry Department ,Faculty of Dentistry, Minia University over one year period, were examined.

Children diagnosed to have any form of periodontitis were subjected to detailed examination that included; clinical examination (pocket depth, clinical attachment loss, OHI, GI), radiographic examination ( panoramic view, periapical and bite wing radiographs), in addition to some laboratory investigations (CBC, blood glucose, serum alkaline phosphatase, leukocytic adhesion deficiency test).

Results: The prevalence of chronic periodontitis was 0.43%, it was more common in males (4.5:1).

While the prevalence of aggressive periodontitis was 0.27% and it was more common in females (2.5:1).There was one case of periodontitis as manifestation of hypophosphatasia (0.04%) and four cases of periodontitis associated with Papillon Lefever syndrome (0.15%).

No cases of necrotizing periodontal diseases were detected.

The mean level of attachment loss was significantly higher in patients with aggressive periodontitis than other forms (p<0.05), while the mean OHI was significantly higher in chronic periodontitis than other forms of periodontitis (p<0.01).

All other clinical parameters were insignificant.

Radiographic examination showed marked bone loss in cases of aggressive periodontitis and those associated with genetic disorder.

Conclusion: Chronic periodontitis was more common than aggressive periodontitis in children.

Chronic periodontitis was more common in males, while aggressive periodontitis was more common in females.

Papillon Lefever syndrome was a common genetic disorder that predispose to periodontitis in Minia.