الأعذار في القضاء، و أثره في منع تجدد الخصومات

Abstract EN

Subject: Al I zar (The judge making sure that all possible arguments have been submitted by both the defender and the plaintiff to defend their position eliminating, therefore, all chances of recurrence of further submission of arguments and closing the argumentation stage for good) The research comprise the following Items: 1 an introduction 2.

Chapter I 3.

Chapter II 4.

A conclusion 1.

The introduction announces the structure of the research paper and presents the definition of I zar and its importance to the Islamic jurisprudence.

2.

Chapter I studies the following points of interest: a) The detailed definition of I zar and related implications such as not allowing for any argumentation or cross-examination or recess after the verdict has been pronounced.

b) The necessity of the application of 1 zar in all trial or dispute settlements.

c) Limitations or the cases to which I zar cannot be applied.

3.

Chapter II studies the following points of interest: a) Giving any of the two parties involved additional time to present more arguments in order to avoid possible claims or demands that not enough time was given to them to defend their positions.