القيادة الفردية و القيادة الجماعية : دراسة مقارنة بين نمطي قيادة الذكور و الإناث في جامعة السودان للعلوم و التكنولوجيا

Abstract EN

The purpose of this study is to examine the effect of gender on the leadership style of males and females at SUST.

To achieve this purpose, Fiedler's Least Preferred Co-Worker Scale was used to determine the leadership style: 'Power Over' and 'Power With' of males and females.

The sample of the study included both the male chairmen of academic departments and the female chairmen of the same academic departments at SUST.

The importance of this study is to provide researchers and those interested in the nature of leadership styles practiced by both males and females in higher education.

However there are few studies that focused on gender differences in leadership.

It also offers new concepts of leadership styles in Arabic literature, namely: collective leadership and individual leadership.

It gives an indication about the direction of the leadership style practiced by both males and females in Sudan, and it helps the educational institutions in enhancing or changing the direction or development of male and female styles of leadership.

We hope that the current study helps in indentifying the need to organize some training sessions and workshops that contribute to raising the administrative efficiency of educational leaders.

The problem of the study is summarized in the following main question: What type of leadership characterizes the leadership of both male and female leaders in the Sudan University of Science and Technology in the light of the concepts of individual leadership and collective leadership? On the basis of the former question study tested the following hypotheses: 1.

There is a difference between leadership style of male and female leaders in the Sudan University of Science and Technology.

2.

The pattern of male leadership in the Sudan University of Science and Technology, tends to be "individual leadership." 3.

The pattern of female leadership in the Sudan University of Science and Technology tends to be "collective leadership".

4.

No statistically significant differences between the leadership style of male and female leaders due to the specialization (literary / scientific), or experience, or academic rank (Professor, Associate Professor, Assistant Professor, Lecturer).

The major findings of the study were as follows: 1.

There was significant effect of gender on the leadership style of males and females.

2.

The majority of males emphasized the leadership of power with.

i.e the collective leadership 3.

The females emphasized both the leadership of power with and power over.

However, the females were more likely to exercise power over than males.

.

i.e the individual leadership 4.

There was no significant difference in the leadership style of both males and females due to the academic specialization, faculty member ranks, and work experience.