Danger Signals in the Initiation of the Inflammatory Response after Myocardial Infarction
Joint Authors
Arslan, F.
Smeets, M. B.
Pasterkamp, Gerard
de Haan, J. J.
Source
Issue
Vol. 2013, Issue 2013 (31 Dec. 2013), pp.1-13, 13 p.
Publisher
Hindawi Publishing Corporation
Publication Date
2013-11-30
Country of Publication
Egypt
No. of Pages
13
Main Subjects
Abstract EN
During myocardial infarction, sterile inflammation occurs.
The danger model is a solid theoretic framework that explains this inflammation as danger associated molecular patterns activate the immune system.
The innate immune system can sense danger signals through different pathogen recognition receptors (PRR) such as toll-like receptors, nod-like receptors and receptors for advanced glycation endproducts.
Activation of a PRR results in the production of cytokines and the recruitment of leukocytes to the site of injury.
Due to tissue damage and necrosis of cardiac cells, danger signals such as extracellular matrix (ECM) breakdown products, mitochondrial DNA, heat shock proteins and high mobility box 1 are released.
Matricellular proteins are non-structural proteins expressed in the ECM and are upregulated upon injury.
Some members of the matricellular protein family (like tenascin-C, osteopontin, CCN1 and the galectins) have been implicated in the inflammatory and reparative responses following myocardial infarction and may function as danger signals.
In a clinical setting, danger signals can function as prognostic and/or diagnostic biomarkers and for drug targeting.
In this review we will provide an overview of the established knowledge on the role of danger signals in myocardial infarction and we will discuss areas of interest for future research.
American Psychological Association (APA)
de Haan, J. J.& Smeets, M. B.& Pasterkamp, Gerard& Arslan, F.. 2013. Danger Signals in the Initiation of the Inflammatory Response after Myocardial Infarction. Mediators of Inflammation،Vol. 2013, no. 2013, pp.1-13.
https://search.emarefa.net/detail/BIM-454400
Modern Language Association (MLA)
de Haan, J. J.…[et al.]. Danger Signals in the Initiation of the Inflammatory Response after Myocardial Infarction. Mediators of Inflammation No. 2013 (2013), pp.1-13.
https://search.emarefa.net/detail/BIM-454400
American Medical Association (AMA)
de Haan, J. J.& Smeets, M. B.& Pasterkamp, Gerard& Arslan, F.. Danger Signals in the Initiation of the Inflammatory Response after Myocardial Infarction. Mediators of Inflammation. 2013. Vol. 2013, no. 2013, pp.1-13.
https://search.emarefa.net/detail/BIM-454400
Data Type
Journal Articles
Language
English
Notes
Includes bibliographical references
Record ID
BIM-454400