Redox Homeostasis in Pancreatic β Cells
Joint Authors
Ježek, Petr
Plecitá-Hlavatá, Lydie
Dlasková, Andrea
Source
Oxidative Medicine and Cellular Longevity
Issue
Vol. 2012, Issue 2012 (31 Dec. 2012), pp.1-16, 16 p.
Publisher
Hindawi Publishing Corporation
Publication Date
2012-12-13
Country of Publication
Egypt
No. of Pages
16
Main Subjects
Natural & Life Sciences (Multidisciplinary)
Biology
Abstract EN
We reviewed mechanisms that determine reactive oxygen species (redox) homeostasis, redox information signaling and metabolic/regulatory function of autocrine insulin signaling in pancreatic β cells, and consequences of oxidative stress and dysregulation of redox/information signaling for their dysfunction.
We emphasize the role of mitochondrion in β cell molecular physiology and pathology, including the antioxidant role of mitochondrial uncoupling protein UCP2.
Since in pancreatic β cells pyruvate cannot be easily diverted towards lactate dehydrogenase for lactate formation, the respiration and oxidative phosphorylation intensity are governed by the availability of glucose, leading to a certain ATP/ADP ratio, whereas in other cell types, cell demand dictates respiration/metabolism rates.
Moreover, we examine the possibility that type 2 diabetes mellitus might be considered as an inevitable result of progressive self-accelerating oxidative stress and concomitantly dysregulated information signaling in peripheral tissues as well as in pancreatic β cells.
It is because the redox signaling is inherent to the insulin receptor signaling mechanism and its impairment leads to the oxidative and nitrosative stress.
Also emerging concepts, admiting participation of redox signaling even in glucose sensing and insulin release in pancreatic β cells, fit in this view.
For example, NADPH has been firmly established to be a modulator of glucose-stimulated insulin release.
American Psychological Association (APA)
Ježek, Petr& Dlasková, Andrea& Plecitá-Hlavatá, Lydie. 2012. Redox Homeostasis in Pancreatic β Cells. Oxidative Medicine and Cellular Longevity،Vol. 2012, no. 2012, pp.1-16.
https://search.emarefa.net/detail/BIM-509324
Modern Language Association (MLA)
Ježek, Petr…[et al.]. Redox Homeostasis in Pancreatic β Cells. Oxidative Medicine and Cellular Longevity No. 2012 (2012), pp.1-16.
https://search.emarefa.net/detail/BIM-509324
American Medical Association (AMA)
Ježek, Petr& Dlasková, Andrea& Plecitá-Hlavatá, Lydie. Redox Homeostasis in Pancreatic β Cells. Oxidative Medicine and Cellular Longevity. 2012. Vol. 2012, no. 2012, pp.1-16.
https://search.emarefa.net/detail/BIM-509324
Data Type
Journal Articles
Language
English
Notes
Includes bibliographical references
Record ID
BIM-509324