الهجرة الخارجية و تحدياتها الثقافية والتنموية على المجتمع العراقي : بحث أنثروبولوجي عن تداعيات هجرة الكفاءات العلمية

Abstract EN

External emigration is considered a dangerous phenomenon particularly when competents and young men are infiltrating and began to disturb the society daily because it is not dangerous on the emigrants themelres only but it became to affect the society life as a whole by considering it a major social variable in the Iraqi society and the effects of emigration is not restricted to the social side only but that its negative effects is on the economic and demographic life too, which is one of the most important challenges that face the Iraqi society at present because it took dangerous dimentions on the present and future of humanity and civilization and the researcher relied on the functional procedure in analyzing the factors and incentives of the emigration depending on the theoretical and procedural basics in anthropology and sociology and had reached to many conclusions the must important of which :- 1-External emigration is considered a dangerous exhaustion to human resources particularly those of scientific competencies, the matter that warn in emptying the country from its scientific capability specially in universities and scientific bodies.

2-It appeared that Iraqi doctors migration toward different areas in the world had left a great gap in the medical institutions and created a kind of emptiness and specialization after Iraq was one of the major countries in this field.

3-Emigration of highly specialized engineering cadre shall make the country unable to execute the construction plans which would make him depend on foreign expertise and this will participate in increasing unemployment and poverty and else in the country.

4-Scientists and intellectuals in others specialties migration had left a gap in the Iraqi cultural area which would mean a threat to the Iraqi cultural foundations.

5-Migration had left a psychological and social effects on the Iraqi family and the social relations ties in the country as their separation and particularly for long periods shall create a kind of secession suspension of communication between immigrants and their roots and origin in Iraq.

As for the most important recommendations are : 1-The necessity of carrying out field and survey al studies about the emigration phenomenon particularly the migration of competencies in order to discover its reasons and introduce the proper recommendations to it.

2-The necessity of providing sufficient security protection to the scientific competencies and technical ones through immediate measures, one of which building as residential units within the university spaces or the areas next door.

3-The necessity of providing the official and public efforts to stop the pursue elements to competencies migration to outside the country.