الضرورة الشعرية عند المعري

Abstract EN

This research speaks about a topic which takes a great and wide care and dispute of many Arabic linguists , which is the " Poetic Necessity " , it does not speak about necessity in general but it chooses one of the scientists and writers who they had the stops and signals on this topic in many places in their books .Abu Ala Mari was among the scientists who stood up to this issue in several places and on many occasions and this was evident in his works .

We have chosen this topic to see how Abu Ala Mari see "Necessity" and how it is different from other , and how he compares the necessities of language , among other necessities .

This research consists of an introduction and two sections , the first shows his critical view to poetic necessity , and the other is talking about Mari point of view in the linguistic and grammatical necessities .And a conclusion which includes a summary of the results that have been reached .

After showing the issue of poetic necessity , one of the important issues in the linguistic criticism , we find the skill of Mari in displaying it in a character shows that he is a skillful critic in the Arab heritage and he makes a comprehensive research on it that proves his capacity on his issue and its problems , and he authorized their use because ge does not want to close the ways in front of poets to let poets enjoy a little bit of freedom that enables them to act on words and structures and thus appeared his personality as a linguistic critic has sound views reflect the firmness of his critical platform and his ability in tasting secrets of language and intricacies aesthetic is revealed , and in the subdivisions of the necessities in terms of being measured , audible and irregular this subject took its way to the attention of the people of language and grammar in the second century AH which on this basis the dispute in the grammar arise , and in the authorization for necessities he authorized poets to violate the rules of language , and stay away from morphological and syntactic standards .

Criticism behind linguistic science and knowledge in criticism until the appearance of a layer of critics gathered into science language and the sight of grammar a polite course and a refined taste .We find that the reason of Mari hating for necessity is the fact his sense of difference between poetry and prose , poetry has its own logic and its distinctive relations that makes it different from the prose and keeps it away from it and its nature , and thus he distinguishes between poetry and prose in that they are two distinct forms in terms of their being two types of rhetoric speech which reflect the conscious look and help the shrewd poet to take advantage of the license without relying and depending on it always because it shows the weakness of his linguistic fortune .

Finally ,we ask God Almighty to help us to serve the language of the Koran , pray that He listens and responds , supplication and prayer to thank God