جدل الحرية و المسؤولية عند المعتزلة

Abstract EN

This research aims to study one of the problems that faced the Arab thought in the Middle Age : the problem of freedom and responsibility.

It is an issue related directly to the human life as individual and to the society in different political, social, cultural, religious and other aspects.

Due to its importance, the intellectual currents of that era of Arab thought were interested in that issue particularly the rational thought current which was represented by Mu`tazilah.

Also this research aims at clarifying the relationship between freedom and responsibility in the Mu`tazilah thought and their perceptions of this issue in its social, political, ethical and religious aspects.

There is a contradiction between these perceptions and the viewpoints and thoughts of the Jabria current which was the ideology of the rules of that age.

The research focuses on the Mu`tazilah proof of human freedom and his responsibility of his actions and their consequences, the rational proofs which agree with their thoughts and perceptions, their disprove of Jabria thoughts which deny the human freedom and their proof that men (including the rulers) are responsible and accountable for their actions.