تأثير التقليم الورقي و الرش بالأثيفون في بعض النواحي الفسيولوجية و التشريحية للثمار و حاصل الشجرة في نخيل التمر Phoenix dactylifera L. صنف الحلاوي

Abstract EN

This study was conducted at a private orchard in Abi El-Khassib district ,Basrah Governorate, during the season of 2014 to investigate effect of leaf pruning at 6 and 9 and 12(leaf .bunch⁻¹) and spraying bunches with ethephon at concentrations of Zero and 250 and 500 (mg.L⁻¹) , once, at the end of Kimri stage on some physiological and anatomical aspects of fruits and yield of date palm ,cv.

Hillawi.

Results showed that leaf pruning treatments of 9 and 12 leaf .

bunch⁻¹ increased significantly fruit ripening percentage at Khalal and Rutab stages, respination rate of fruit at Kimri and Khalal stages.

Treatment of 12 leaf .

bunch⁻¹ recorded significant increases in cell length and width of fruit inner mesocarp at Khalal stage, and yield of tree at Tamir stage.

Treatments of 6 and 9 leaf .

bunch⁻¹ had a significant increase in cell numbers of fruit mesocarp at Khalal stage, whereas treatment of 6 leaf .

bunch⁻¹ increased significantly respiration rate of fruit at Rutab stage .

Ethephon treatments at 250 and 500 mg.L⁻¹ recorded significant increase in respiration rate of fruit at Kimri and Khalal stages.

Ethephon treatment at 500 mg.L⁻¹ recorded significant increases in fruit ripening percentage at Khalal and Rutab stages, cell length and width of fruit inner mesocarp at Khalal stage, and yield of tree at Tamir stage.

Ethephon treatments at Zero and 250 mg.L⁻¹ increased the number of cells in mm² of fruit inner mesocarp at Khalal stage.

Ethephon treatment at Zero mg.L⁻¹ had significant increase in fruit respiration rate at Rutab stage.

Bicombination treatment of 12 leaf .

bunch⁻¹ and 500 mg.L⁻¹ ethephon recorded significant increase in fruit ripening percentage at Khalal and Rutab stages,fruit respiration rate and cell length and width of fruit inner mesocarp at Khalal stage, and yield of tree at Tamir stage.

Bi-combination of 12 leaf .bunch⁻¹ and Zero mg.L⁻¹ ethephon increased fruit respiration rate at Rutab stage, whereas Bi-combination of 9 leaf .

bunch⁻¹ and 500 mg.L⁻¹ ethephon increased fruit respiration rate at Kimri stage.

Bicombination of 6 leaf .

bunch⁻¹ and Zero mg.L⁻¹ ethephon had significant increase in cell numbers of fruit inner mescocarp at Khalal stage.