العوامل المؤثرة في نمو و تطور تجارة البصرة من القرن 1-3 هـ. 7-٩ م.

Abstract EN

Several reasons and factors helped in the transformation of Basrah from just a primitive military camp into a big trading town and a main gate for Iraq to the world as a port.

Some of these factors are related to the town characteristics and others are political, economical and sociological.

This transformation helped Basrah to develop rapidly through its geographical location on Shatt Al-Arab connecting it to the Arabian Gulf beside its historic town –Al- Abullah- and its dominance on the terrestrial paths from the east to the west and vice versa.

For the former reasons trading relationships expanded and an active layer of rich traders appeared, as well as a complicated trading foundations like markets, exchange, banks and developed insurance systems.