مصر على أعتاب الجمهورية الثانية

Abstract EN

The modern Egyptian state, along with the modern concepts, institutions, modern administrative apparatus that come with it, is the product of Muhammad Ali Pasha’s dynasty, which ruled Egypt from the 19th to mid-20th century.

During his rule, the Egyptian state was reshuffled and modernized to model a modern state, giving rise to Egypt’s first constitutional experience.

Following a broad examination of the evolution of constitutional texts in Egypt, this paper examines the potential directions of the ongoing political and constitutional debates and controversies following Egypt’s revolution.

To this end, Aliwa analyzes the key issues entailed in this debate, including the relationship between religion and state; the role of the Sharia as a source of legislation, as well as its effect on freedom; personal and family status law; the role of women; education;ethics;and the organization and regulation of religious institutions.

Egypt’s predicament is not the relationship between the modern state and religion, nor is it the role given to religion in the Egyptian constitution; rather, it is the successive social crises and the nature of the despotic state.

An ongoing political battle,since the success of the revolution,is centered on whether the state should be religious or civic, though this – according to Aliwa – is flawed since the Muslim Brothers do not seek to establish a religious state, nor do the liberals and the seculars wish to undermine the modern Egyptian state.

The author concludes that all political actors in Egypt will have to act from within the institutions and the apparatus of the Egyptian state, which is secular in terms of its composition and tasks.