معركة بانوكبيرن عام 1314 م

Abstract EN

Prattle Bannockburn 1314 AD was one of the most important battles in European history in the Middle Ages, particularly in the fourteenth century; to result from the results of that battle is von-' important.

And of iheir role in the course of events in the region.

Signs and returns this clash ended when the strain is the direct owner of the house in Scotland in 1290 AD, and then enter "Edward I" King of England (1272-1307 in) in a matter of choice and the heir to the throne and sent to the mission for this purpose.

And has chosen this mission.

” John Balliol " the king of Scotland, which quickly gave allegiance and subordination to the king of England.

But when he tried to "Edward I” to make sovereignty over Scotland, in effect, of interfering in its affairs, opposed il.

"John Balliol" and denied the right of the English courts of appeal issued by Lhe Scottish courts.

And then was taken "John Balliol" hostile explicit Fajalv King oi England "Philip IV", the king of France against the "Edward I”, but the latter invaded Scotland and captured the "John BaHjol" and established a government loyal to him.

That the Scots did not surrender, Vanthezwa advantage of Edward I in Flanders year 1297 AD and revolted under the leadership of the "William Wallace’' and defeated the army Englishman at "Bridge Stirling", and then returned to them.

"Edward I" - after a peace with Philip IV of France - and defeated them in the "Falkirk" and subjected Scotland and Wallace was executed, Scotland has arisen again under the leadership of "Robert Bruce", but "Edward I" died year 1307 AD and is preparing to put down the revolution.

He then took the throne of England after that "Edward II" (1307 - 1327) m.

and at that time was "Robert Bruce” may expel the British almost from Scotland, which made "Edward II" heading at the ton of a large armv to Scotland to quell the revolution, but Although the Scots \\ere less numerous than the English, but the}' w’ere an army bridges : under the leadership oi a man seasoned settled his troops at a low mound associated River small so-called "Bannockburn " and dig a trench in from of lines Scottish and was covered by a fence is w^eak, and sent the English archers in the Introduction cavalry, which led to the fall of a large number of them inside the trench and was able gears and spears to break the Scottish attack all those who have avoided these obstacles.

And provide the Scots with all our strength so that the British did not recover from the chaos that prevailed and plunged them into a disaster, and had withdrawn the British and the battle ended, which had many of the results the most important of the independence of Scotland, and the reluctance of England trying to control it again, because they realized that the people Scottish extreme anchors can not harm it.

England and began to guide the direction of its military power of France, but the result of the weakness of the battle between the English King of his people, prompting the English Parliament to try him and sentence him to death.