تحديد كفاءة طرق استخلاص البكتين من مخلفات و ثمار بعض الفواكه و الخضروات و دراسة الفصل التجزيئي للمواد البكتينية و الأشعة تحت الحمراء

Abstract EN

This study concenered of extract pectin from some fruit and vegetable and its waste such as citrus peel (Orange, lemon, mandarin, bitter orange), peel pomeagranate, pomes turnip, garden or table beet, cauliflower, peel watermelon cucumismelon and head of sunflower, By useing deferent solvents such as ammonium oxalate 1%, citric acid 2 Molar, oxalic acid 2%, hydrochloric acid 0.5 N.

and distilled water acidified with hydrochloric acid in 90 C.

and 90 min, The results showed that the highest yield were obtained when using ammonium oxalate for all the samples between 8.7-32.8%.

citrus peel (Orange, lemon, mandarin, bitter orange) the highest yield (32.8, 30.0, 23.2 and 22.2%) respectively, followed by the head of sunflower 23.5% and peel pomegranate than pomes turnip.

Gardenor table beet and cauliflower 18.4, 13.3 and 11.8% respectively, while the less yield was peel watermelon and cucumismelon 9.1, 8.7% respectively.

The results of the percentages yield parts materials pectin both by then of raw material and the ability solubility was the highest percentages of part dissolved with water for each of the mixture peel citrus and pomegranate 12.5, 8.15% respectively, and the lowest yield part of dissolved ammonium oxalate for both sample 6.5, 5.05% while appeared sample peel watermelon cucumismlon and pomes turnip and head of sunflower.

Highest parts dissolved of ammonium 10.5, 12.7 and 10.5 respectively.

The microscopic examination of pectin showed a convergence of forms between them in terms of the size of pectin particle.Samples diagnosed infrared active groups to see the return of the vessel.

the sample studied