مواجهة الاحتراق الوظيفي نحو نموذج مقترح لمسؤولية الفرد و القيادة

Abstract EN

Irrespective of the consideration that modern world is witnessing spectacular scientific and technological developments, many researchers describe it as an era of Psychological Stress and Burnout.

The present study seeks to identify the Burnout as psychological and managerial phenomenon.

Also, it attempts to identify the Burnout.

Pursuant to this subject, following issues are identified - nature of Burnout; causes of Burnout; symptoms and impacts of Burnout.

This is in addition to determine the relative responsibility assumed by an individual and leadership.

The present study seeks to address the following main question: Is confronting Burnout the responsibility of individual or leadership? In responding to this question the descriptive and analytical approach is applied.

The present study yields following findings: Pursuant to this subject, following reasons for Burnout are related - the institutional circumstances; the treatment of the employees; the work pressure; the absence of a role; non-participation in decision-making; and the lack of job rotation; There are Burnout symptoms that appear on the employee.

Pursuant to this subject, following symptoms are noticed - isolation; poor communication skills; poor performance of work; discontent and lack of personal achievement; There are many explanatory theories developed by some scholars for measuring Burnout.

These are - behavioral theory, cognitive theory, psychoanalytic theory, and existentialism theory.

There are some assessment criteria designed by scholars in measuring the employees degree of Burnout in institutions.

These measurements are Maslach Scale, Pines Scale, Shirom-Melamed Scale and Breezy Scale.

It is supposed to take into account the nature of institution and its staff upon selecting the scale for application: The responsibility for Burnout is not confined to any institution, but it extends the leadership responsibility, individual responsibility, and the shared responsibility between the individual and leadership; and A model is designed by the researcher to determine the relative responsibility assumed by leadership, individual and shared between them with regard to the prevention and treatment of Burnout.