تأثير الإجهاد الملحي في مؤشرات نمو الكالس لعدة أصناف من الحنطة Triticum aestivum L.

Abstract EN

Research was conducted in the laboratories of Unit palm tissue culture micropropagation in the College of Agriculture / University of Kufa during the period 2014-2015, including factorial experiment in a complete randomized design to study the effect of sodium chloride NaCl concentrations (0.0, 0.5, 1.0 and 1.5)% in cells callus growth of four varieties of wheat (Hashemia, Abu Ghraib, Abbaa 99 and Iraq) which derived from the cultivation of mature embryos in-vitro under salt stress.

Fresh , dry weight , rate of absolute growth , callus salt tolerance index and the percentage of dry matter of the callus were adopted as an indicator to determine callus capability of these varieties to sustain salt stress.

The varieties were differed among themselves significantly where Hashemita var.

was superior in (fresh weight of callus and the dry weight of callus) when the highest average was (0.0850 g and 8.09 mg), respectively.

Control treatment achieved the highest average in (fresh weight of callus, dry weight of callus, absolute growth rate and the percentage of dry matter in the callus) which were (0.1059 g, 9.61 mg, 17.93 mg / day and 9.44%) respectively, The parameters were decreased sharply and significantly with increasing salt concentrations in the medium.

The interaction between varieties and salt concentrations had a significant effect and the interaction of (Hashemita x control treatment) gave the highest average for (fresh weight of callus, dry callus weight, absolute growth rate and the percentage of dry matter in the callus) which were (0.1297 g, 16.63 mg, 20.53 mg / day and 12.35%), respectively