تأثير نوع السماد و طريقة الإضافة في بعض صفات النمو و تحسين إنتاجية نخيل التمر (Phoenix dactylifera L. )‎ المهمل في محافظة البصرة

Abstract EN

This study was conducted in the careless date palm orchards in middle of the Basra province (shatt AlArab location) during the growing seasons 2014and2015, The study aimed to find out the effect of added two type of fertilizer (Fertilizer compound Neutral Ground and foliar fertilizer) to palms trees in some growth, Physical and chemical properties of fruits and productivity .ground fertilizer add around the trees in two treatments (2.5 and 5)kg/tree ,foliar fertilizer add in two treatments(5 and 10)ml/l at two times the first in February and the second in April for both seasons ,as well as Interference and control treatments.The results were collected of both seasons and analyzed statistically by Genstat 2010 program.The results showed : The foliar fertilizer treatments effect Significantly for most properties such as (The Percentage Of Fruit Set, Defoliation Of Fruit and some Physical and chemical properties of fruits Compared with the ground fertilizer Reflected in productivity for each seasons.

The results showed the fertilizer treatment consisting of(5 kg/tree ground fertilizer and 5 ml/l foliar fertilizer) effect significantly in average for fruit set in both seasons was reached 88.17% .while Decreased the percentage Of Fruit drop was reached 9.0%, and the same treatment gave the best response for physical properties of fruits( weight and length) were reached 6.78 gm and 6.0 cm respectively.

And chemical properties of fruits (total sugar ,carbohydrate ,protein and the Total soluble solids) were reached (75.70%,75.25%,3.96% and 56.40%) respectively.

The same treatment effected significantly In The enzymes activity at fruit in both seasons ,invertase enzyme activity reached 30.917 unit/gm/min, Cellulase enzyme activity reached 16.433 unit/gm/min while pectin esterase enzyme activity reached 0.1711mlmeq/gm/min compare with other treatments and control.

The same treatment gave the best response in productivity properties .as it was the percentage of fruit repining in both seasons 88.23% while bunch weight reached 6.18kg and the total productivity of tree reached 37.1 kg.