المقاربة الآنية و المقاربة الزمانية و أثرهما في بنية النص القاموسي : تطبيق على قاموس "لاروس اللغة الفرنسية" لكسيس

Author

هيبة، سميرة

Source

اللسانيات

Publisher

Centre de Recherche Scientifique et Technique pour le Développement de la Langue Arabe

Publication Date

2014-12-31

Country of Publication

Algeria

No. of Pages

18

Main Subjects

Languages & Comparative Literature

English Abstract

French lexicography has experienced during the twentieth century, two main lexicographical trends: one based on the application of the diachronic approach that takes into account aspects related to the "past history" of the lexical unit constituting the main entry, and another based on the application of the synchronic approach that rejects the historical aspects and considers in the treatment of the lexical unit only its current use.

Yet, French lexicography has experienced in the late seventies of the last century a third stream, based on a kind of a conciliation between the two trends by adopting some aspects of each, and applied in the "Larousse de la langue franchise: Lexis", composed under the direction of J.

Dubois (Larousse, 1979).

It is this third trend, which we qualify as "synchro-diachronic", and its role in structuring the dictionary article, which is the subject of our study.

According to Lexis, this trend takes, indeed, from the synchronic approach the principle of "unbundling" by distributing the main uses of the same lexical unit of two or more lexical entries regarding them as "homonyms", but he mentions under each enrry its derivatives.

It adopts from the diachronic approach the principles of etymology, dating and distribution of the different meanings derived from the same primary meaning of a network of secondary entries numbered, and considered as polyscmcs.

This tendency to reconcile the two approaches and the two trends had a great influence on the structure of the dictionary article becoming complex after being simple in traditional dictionaries.

French Abstract

La lexicographic fran^aise a connu au cours du XXenv: siecle deux grands courants dictionnairiques: un courant base sur 1’application de 1’approche diachronique qui prend en consideration les aspects relaribi au «passc hisrorique» de P unite lexicale constituant Pentree principale, et un autre courant base sur I’application de Papproche synchronique qui rejette les aspects historiques et ne considerc dans le traitement de l’unite lexicale que son usage actuel.

Cependant, la lexicographie fran^aise a connu a la fin des annccs soixante - dix du siecle dernier un troisicme courant, base sur une sortc dc conciliation entre les deux autrcs courants en adoptant qudques aspects de chacun des deux, et applique dans le «I,arousse de la langue francaise : Lexis » compose sous la direction de J.

Dubois (Larousse, 1979).

C'est ce troisicme courant, que nous qualifions de « synchro - diachronique », ct son role dans la structuration de Particle du dictionnaire, qui font l’objet d’etude dans notre communication.

D’aprcs Lexis, cc courant prend, cn ettct, dc Papprochc synchronique le principe de «dcgroupcmcnt» cn distribuanr les principaux emplois dc la meine unite lexicalc sur deux ou plusieurs entrees lexicales cn les considerant comme « homonymcs », mais il menrionne sous chaquc entree ses derives.

De Papproche diachronique, il adopre les principes d’etymologie, dc datation ct dc distribution des differentes significations dcrivees d’une meme signification principale sur un reseau d’entrees secondaires numerotees, et considcrces comme des polyscmcs.

Cette tendance a la conciliation entre les deux approches et les deux courants a eu une grande influence sur la structure dc 1’article du dictionnaire devenue complexe apres avoir ctc simple dans les dictionnaires classiques.

Data Type

Conference Papers

Record ID

BIM-751314

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