بناء مقياس الاستجابات الانفعالية السلبية لدى لاعبي الاحتياط بكرة القدم

Abstract EN

Emotional responses are equally related to perception and sensation.

How could we response if we don't feel the origins that cause strain, as we first feel the causes of strain and later we give a cognitive explanation for them, then we react based on these consecutive explanations as being accumulated emotional responses or experiences.

Football is considered one of the world widespread team games as well as on the Arab and local level where emotional experiences of a player play a significant role in influencing his achievements during competitions.

These experiences might change considerably with respect to substitute players, as the passive view originated from the players' thoughts and explanation being sitting on the substitutes' bench is thought to be failure might lead to passive emotions result in behaviors and responses such as anxiety, stress, distress and discouragement.

As to the research problem, is stems from the need for theoretical and applied handling the topic of passive emotional responses of football substitute players.

Researchers found, through examining the theoretical frameworks related to these topics, that they imply only predicatory thoughts through deductive investigations that are confined to private interviews with players.

Therefore; they haven't been sufficiently studied by researchers in sport field.

Studies in such topics are still limited or even rare.

Thus, the research problem is mainly focused on the unavailability of a scale that identifies passive emotional responses of football substitute players.

The research aims at building up a scale for passive emotional responses of football substitute players.

To achieve this, researchers have designed a scale for passive emotional responses by using the analytical descriptive methodology.

Research population has included football players who have participated in Kurdustan premium league for the sport season 2015-2016, in the amount of (13) sport clubs included (370) players.

Data were statistically handled by arithmetic mean, normative deviation, T-test for two independent samples, Person's simple correlation coefficient, Alpha-Kronbache coefficient and Spearman Brawn's Equation.

Researchers have confirmed the suitability of the scale for passive emotional responses of football substitute players and recommended to apply it by researchers who are interested in studying passive emotional responses of football substitute players as well as using the scale in empirical studies as being a criterion that could be referenced to as a follow-up, a pre- or a post-test to recognize the range of independent changes that could develop the emotional aspect of football substitute players.