التفكير الاستراتيجي بين تحديات القضايا الأمنية في العلوم السياسية و رهانات التنافسية في إدارة الأعمال : التوافقات و التباينات

Abstract EN

Strategic thinking presents a reference framework for multiple fields of human knowledge, especially those striving to create a general framework for the optimal utilization of available resources under the constraints imposed by the environment in all its dimensions.

However, the two most important fields of knowledge that particularly used strategic thinking and supported it with theories, models and tools are Business Administration and Political Science.

Each of these fields deals with competition and conflict over gains as a fundamental variable.

It defines work approaches and mechanisms to deal with the challenges posed by various external environmental factors.

Political Science utilized strategic thinking in framing and theorizing to deal with security bets and the tensions of international relations and the challenges of local and regional conflicts, it benefited from these issues in building and using the power system in a way that maximizes the national interests in a constantly changing international environment.

This environment is dominated by the idea of permanent contradiction of interests and visions.

Based on the same logic, organizations, in general, and business organizations, in particular, have invested in strategic thinking in a broad way.

They originated and adopted strategic options that provide them with competitive superiority and guaranteed them with the utilization of resources in a manner that supports their capabilities and competitive advantages.

Despite the fact that strategic thinking is primarily attributed to the military field and that these two cognitive fields have derived their initial form from military strategic thinking, but strategic thinking has developed in each field in a unique way from the other and set its own methodologies and analytical tools.

In relation to Political Science, strategic thinking was concerned with security issues and building power from an overall perspective.

Conversely, in Business Administration, strategic thinking was concerned with building competitive capabilities of the organization and maximizing the value for the stakeholders.

Considered from this perspective, this study used a comparative approach to explore the convergences and divergences that can form a source of intersection and mutual enrichment.

The study concluded that numerous points of intersection exist in the strategic thinking within twin fields – Political Science and Business Administration.

Such points are: the linkage with the optimal use of resources, the use of military strategies, the combination of intuition and rationality, thinking within the ambiguity and complexity of the external environment, dealing with stakeholders using political logic, the similarity of the formal decision making structures, the dualism of the internal / external analysis, and the peaceful hierarchy and other which constitutes the link between the two fields and pushes towards building a collateral relationship that allows mutual benefit and further development of strategic thinking, especially in the light of the rising globalization dynamics and the increasing competitive pressures.

The study also revealed a number of variant points in strategic thinking between the two fields.

These are: The inequality of analysis levels, difference in thinking subject, difference of strategies used purpose, linear thinking pattern, multiplicity of doers, the role of independent thinking boxes and other variances that should be noted as they may become, in turn, a source of mutual enrichment.