التفاؤل و التشاؤم و علاقتهما بتقدير الذات لدى عينة من الطلبة المراهقين في مدارس مديرية تربية و تعليم محافظة جرش : دراسة وصفية ارتباطية

Abstract EN

This study attempted to identify the levels of optimism and pessimism and their relationship to self-esteem among a sample of adolescents in the secondary stage in Jerash governorate, Jordan.

This study made use of a population of 600 students, of whom a simple random sample was selected from the secondary stage in schools of the directorate of education at Jerash governorate (center).

The sample consisted of 55 female and 70 male students with a total number of 125 students.

The instruments of the study consisted of the Arabic list scale for optimism and pessimism prepared by Abdul Khaliq (1996) and Bruce R.

Hare scale of self-esteem (1985).

Validity and consistency of the two instruments were established as appropriate.

The results of this study showed that the overall level of optimism was high with a mean of (3.77).

The results also revealed that the overall level of pessimism was low with a mean of (2.21).

The study concluded that the total level of self-esteem was high with a mean of (3.15).

Also, it revealed a statistically significant positive correlation between optimism and self-esteem.

Furthermore, there existed a statistically significant negative correlation between pessimism and self-esteem