تقييم الجوانب القانونية و التقنية و الاقتصادية لإدارة حمأة الصرف الصحي في المناطق الحضرية الفلسطينية

Other Title(s)

Evaluation of legal and techno-economic aspects of wastewater sludge management in Palestinian urban sewage works

Dissertant

حلبي، ريم

Thesis advisor

الساعد، راشد

University

Birzeit University

Faculty

Institute of Environmental and Water Studies

Department

Water and Environmental Engineering

University Country

Palestine (West Bank)

Degree

Master

Degree Date

2017

English Abstract

This study was prepared to evaluate the legal and techno –economic aspects of wastewater sludge management in Palestinian urban sewage works.

The researcher relied on this to distribute of research questionnaires to three main categories of Palestinian society, decision-makers, the managers of wastewater treatment plant which the study included (Al-Bireh, Al-Tira, Nablus, Jericho), and a sample of school farmers from the Jericho area.

The research questionnaires focused on the quantity and quality of the sludge that produced at the stations, the techniques used to process them and how to deal with the quantities produced, and the range of which decision makers were interested in managing of them and their current and future development plans to benefit from the biosolids.

It also, discussed the role of Palestinian farmers and the possibility of accepting the use of biosolids as an alternative fertilizer.

The researcher also relied on conducting interviews in order to support theories and assumptions.

The results of the study showed that large quantities of sludge are produced in the study plants, which are treated with high quality of international techniques.

They are low concentrations and within the recommended limits of heavy metals, harmful chemical compounds, and they are semi-free parasites and pathogens ,also rich in organic matters that are important for soil and crops; However, despite all the specifications that make sludge a good option for agricultural use, but the current and only option at most of the study plants to deal with the resulting sludge amounts is their transfer to a landfill, although this is a large and additional burden to the study plants and municipalities, which negatively affects the sustainability and continuity of treatment plants, in addition to high operating costs and environmental damage.

The study showed that the sludge produced at the study plants is part of the current and future development plans for the improvement of agricultural land and crops in the Palestinian institutions and ministries.

These institutions and government ministries also carry out a number of periodic inspections to verify the sludge structure, and applied on the ground, based on a Palestinian specification for sludge for agricultural use called (Obligatory Technical Instructions No.

59 for year 2015 Treated Sludge for Agricultural Reuse).

Although the application of the use of sludge in Palestine has not been implemented until now, the sludge management process will be continued by decision-makers to contribute and investment of the resulting sludge, so they can maintain the sustainability of projects for the construction and operation of wastewater treatment plants.

Farmers responded to their willingness to accept the use of biosolids as alternative fertilizer, if the quality and price conditions were met, although they had great fear of the consumer's rejection of the resulting crops.

The study showed that the quantities of sludge produced at the plants did not cover the number of chemical fertilizers used in Palestine, but reduced the use of the actual quantities used in agriculture, which meant reducing the costs paid and thus increasing revenues and profits, as well as reducing the risks of soil and water pollution.

The study recommends that successful planning and allocation of sludge management should be undertaken during the process of designing wastewater treatment plants, and ensure that these measures are established as required and essential criteria for obtaining regulatory approvals.

The idea of sludge management that may provide for the useful use of sludge while preserving and improving the quality of the environment and protecting public health should also be promoted.

The study also recommends that citizens should be sensitized to the dangers, environmental impacts of the current state of accumulation of sludge, and attempts to treat sludge produced through publications, periodicals, audiovisual aids, and environmental issues to encourage them to contribute to sludge treatment and management.

Main Subjects

Earth Sciences, Water and Environment

No. of Pages

82

Table of Contents

• APA
• MLA
• AMA

Language

Arabic

Data Type

Arab Theses

Record ID

BIM-837362