استهلاك الطاقة الكهربائية في القطاع المنزلي و علاقته بتغير المناخ في مملكة البحرين : الوضع الحالي و السيناريوهات المستقبلية

Abstract EN

In 2016, Paris Agreement entered into force where all developing and developed countries were obligated to contribute to Greenhouse Gas (GHG) emissions reductions.

Mitigation of GHG emissions from household sector appears as a promising opportunity for the Kingdom of Bahrain.

This is because the household sector consumes 47% of total electricity that is generated using natural gas.

This research aims to examine the extent to which a number of mitigation measures can contribute to the reduction of electricity consumption and GHG emissions from the household sector in Bahrain.

Accordingly, a mixed-methods approach is utilized where several methods were adopted including Driving forcesState-Impacts-Responses (DSIR) framework, Long Range Energy Alternatives Planning System (LEAP) and a qualitative assessment matrix.

Results show that adopting thermal insulation can contribute to around 9% reduction in total electricity demand by 2030.

A higher percentage can be obtained when adopting a scenario package reaching 26% reduction in electricity demand and 15 million tons in CO2 emissions.

Additionally, reducing household electricity consumption can contribute to enhancing air quality and improving public health.

This research recommends conducting a household energy consumption survey in Bahrain and other Gulf Cooperation Council countries to provide bottom-up collected data required for modelling.

Furthermore, developing a regional database that focuses on energy and climate change statistics is highly recommended to inform decision-making and to provide reliable relevant indicators for the region.

Keywords: Bahrain, household sector, electricity, climate change, DSIR, LEAP